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混亂的美國大選 / The Chaotic U.S. Election
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執筆時距離11月5日舉行的美國總統大選只剩下一周時間。今次大選極具戲劇性，先有拜登因電視辯論失利而退選，賀錦麗臨危受命，後有特朗普兩度遇刺；加上目前國際形勢嚴峻，世界各國都對選舉結果翹首以盼。不過，美國的選舉制度相當複雜，有機會常令大選結果遲遲無法出爐。
美國設有聯邦選舉委員會（Federal Election Commission），但並不負責舉行或管理選舉，只負責監管競選資金的使用，舉行選舉的權力則授予各州政府。因此，每個州份的選舉及投票方式都不一樣。比方說，美國允許選民透過郵寄選票來投票，而各州郵寄投票的截郵時間各有不同，加上有部分郵寄選票會遲到，導致點票所需的時間大增。
除此以外，美國大選所採用的選舉人團制度（Electoral College）亦令選舉結果的出爐時間大幅延後。選舉之後，各州政府會根據普選結果任命選舉人（Elector）代表該州人民投票選出總統及副總統，並將選舉結果確認證書（Certificates of Vote）送至國會點算。以今年大選為例，當11月5日的普選結果出爐後，州政府最遲會到12月11日才正式任命選舉人，各州選舉人於12月17日才投票，當選者在1月20日宣誓就職，整個大選流程將長達兩個月。
美國社會近年非常撕裂，選舉期太長有機會為選舉結果帶來變數。特朗普目前官非纏身，急需總統的刑事豁免權，據悉其競選團隊已準備好在敗選州份發起訴訟，挑戰選舉結果；亦有意見指出，特朗普的選民基礎以激進的極右勢力為主，加上美國的政治暴力事件有上升趨勢，擔心特朗普敗選可能會引出另一次的「國會山莊騷亂」。除此以外，亦有不少民主黨支持者對賀錦麗目前的選情感到憂慮，若賀錦麗敗選，民主黨內部勢掀另一波信心危機。
混亂的美國大選(撰文：葉劉淑儀，原文刊於《明報》)
The Chaotic U.S. Election
With only a week remaining until the U.S. presidential election on November 5th, this election cycle is proving to be incredibly dramatic. It began with Biden dropping out due to a poor performance in a televised debate, and Harris stepping in to take his place. Trump has also been targeted for assassination twice. Coupled with the current international tensions, countries around the world are eagerly awaiting the election results. However, the U.S. election system is quite complex, often leading to delays in finalizing the election outcome.
The United States has the Federal Election Commission, which is responsible for overseeing the use of campaign funds but not for conducting or managing elections. The power to hold elections is delegated to the state governments. As a result, each state has different election and voting procedures. For example, the U.S. allows voters to cast their ballots by mail, with different states having varying deadlines for receiving mail-in votes. Some mail-in ballots may arrive late, significantly extending the time needed for counting.
Furthermore, the Electoral College system used in U.S. elections also contributes to the delayed announcement of election results. After the election, state governments appoint electors based on the popular vote results to represent the people of the state in casting votes for the President and Vice President. The election results certificates are then sent to Congress for counting. In this year's election, for instance, after the popular vote results on November 5th, state governments will appoint electors no later than December 11th, with electors casting their votes on December 17th. The winner will be inaugurated on January 20th, making the entire election process last for two months.
In recent years, American society has been deeply divided, and the lengthy election period could introduce uncertainties into the election outcome. Trump is currently facing legal challenges and is in urgent need of presidential pardons. Reports indicate that his campaign team is prepared to launch lawsuits in states where he loses, challenging the election results. Some also suggest that Trump's voter base consists mainly of radical right-wing forces, combined with the rising trend of political violence in the U.S., raising concerns that a Trump defeat could lead to another "Capitol Hill riot." Additionally, many Democratic supporters are anxious about Harris's current electoral prospects, fearing that a Harris defeat could trigger a confidence crisis within the Democratic Party.
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發展旅遊需全盤策略 / Developing Tourism Requires a Comprehensive Strategy
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行政長官李家超在10月16日宣讀的新一份《施政報告》中，第六章（促進文化體育旅遊融合發展，推動多元經濟）當中有整整三大段詳述如何（增強文化自信，打造香港旅遊新面貌），提及生態旅遊、盛事旅遊、熊貓旅遊、賽馬旅遊、郵輪旅遊，以至智慧旅遊，又要推廣沙頭角文化生態旅遊路線、加快建設南大嶼生態康樂走廊和發展前南丫石礦場等等；此外又要鞏固傳統旅遊吸引力，制訂十八區美食指南，舉辦美食盛事；以做到「香港無處不旅遊」。
《施政報告》提出的旅遊項目繁多，稱得上目不暇給，反映行政長官李家超非常願意聆聽，廣納社會各界包括立法會議員、區議員和不同組織的建議；例如發展前南丫石礦場便是我和新民黨一直推動的項目。不過，要成功落實上述各個項目，有效振興旅遊業，帶動經濟效益，並非把各項建議「數白欖式」收納在《香港旅遊業發展藍圖2.0》便可，文化及體育旅遊局任重道遠，看來還有大量工作要做。
盤點旅遊資源
我認為發展旅遊需要全盤策略，一環扣一環。首先是要盤點香港有甚麼旅遊資源，包括傳統的景點、歷史名勝、主題公園、博物館、海島、生態勝地，到近期大熱的熊貓、剛出土的恐龍化石等，以至《施政報告》未有提及的紅色旅遊景點，也需羅列。
為旅遊資源下定義
第二步是要為旅遊資源下定義，界定哪些旅遊資源能吸引哪些遊客。舉例說，我認為熊貓對東南亞或海外旅客吸引力較大，但是熊貓對內地旅客而言並不罕見，他們未必熱衷為熊貓來港，反而港人特別是小朋友會對一對在香港出生的熊貓有共生情懷。
內地旅客期望來香港體驗內地沒有的東西，他們喜歡迪士尼樂園，認為「港迪」貼近美國迪士尼的風味。小紅書上常常有「港迪」帖子，「港迪」能逆市加價，成人票價近千元，可見其受歡迎程度。
此外，西九文化區香港故宮文化博物館和M+博物館各類藝術文化、古物展覽會比較吸引中產和高端旅客；相對地，分散各區的網紅打卡點則較吸引喜歡四處遊走的年輕人。
針對性優化配置
明確了不同旅遊資源的屬性後，第三步便要針對性地優化配置，開拓市場；特別是要認清，若低端市場難以和內地比拼，我們便要鞏固高端市場，提供優質服務和消費體驗，提升競爭力。《施政報告》提到要「開拓中東和東盟旅客客源」，那麼便需要增加高端清真食肆以及禮拜設施，我認為方向正確。
近期全城熱切期待啟德體育園開幕和COLDPLAY演唱會帶來的盛事效應，又有點憂慮屆時能否順利疏導五萬人潮，及早部署及演練交通安排便成關鍵。我一直推動在港舉辦「一帶一路運動會」，若能成事，務必有不同國家的運動員、團隊及旅客來港，做好啟德體育園的配套便是為體育旅遊做好準備。
策略性宣傳營銷
第四步也是關鍵一步，有別於千篇一律的廣泛營銷，特區政府需要基於以上三步曲的分析，思考如何策略性地宣傳營銷，準確地把香港不同切面的旅遊特性，針對性地推廣予特定旅客群，開拓市場。當然也要根據不同目標旅客群的特性喜好而採取不同的宣傳方式，傳統廣告抑或社交平台、明星代言抑或素人帖文，各有功能，要運用得宜才能發揮神效。
分層出擊提升旅遊競爭力
的而且確，香港正經歷通縮期。很多食肆不惜推出「傷本」優惠，酒店自助餐大擘價，不乏「買一送一」、「買二送四」，最近更有粥店推出「十蚊任食放題」，大家都忙於自救，反映特區政府有必要加快步伐，提振經濟。
最後，我認為特區政府必須認清，香港旅遊業復甦緩慢的一大原因在於消費物價高昂，與臨近地區相比缺乏競爭力。物價高低主要取決於商品的國際價格，而國際價格又等於本地價格乘聯繫匯率；若聯繫匯率不變，本地價格一定要變，出現通縮便無可避免。理論上，若價格下跌，旅遊會復甦；特別是美國減息，港元轉弱；若迎來真正的減息周期，港元會稍為逆轉，國際旅遊會慢慢恢復。
此時此刻，特區政府必須好好把握自己的優勢，規劃全盤策略，分層出擊，提升旅遊競爭力。若只是將坊間意見照單全收，《香港旅遊業發展藍圖2.0》將事倍功半。
Developing Tourism Requires a Comprehensive Strategy
In the new "Policy Address" announced by Chief Executive Li Ka-chiu on October 16th, Chapter Six (Promoting the Integrated Development of Cultural, Sports, and Tourism to Drive Diverse Economy) includes three detailed sections on how to enhance cultural confidence and create a new face for tourism in Hong Kong.
The report mentions ecotourism, major events tourism, panda tourism, horse racing tourism, cruise tourism, and smart tourism. It also emphasizes the promotion of cultural and ecological tourism routes in Sha Tau Kok, accelerating the construction of the Southern Lantau Ecological Leisure Corridor, and developing the former South Lamma Quarry, among others. Additionally, it aims to strengthen traditional tourism attractions by creating an 18-district gourmet guide, hosting food festivals, and ensuring that "there is no place in Hong Kong without tourism."
"The Policy Address" proposes a multitude of tourism projects, which can be described as overwhelming. This reflects Chief Executive Li Ka-chao's willingness to listen attentively and widely solicit suggestions from various sectors of society, including Legislative Council members, district councilors, and various organizations. For example, the development of the former South Lamma Quarry is a project that I and the New Democratic Party have been advocating for. However, successfully implementing these various projects to effectively revitalize the tourism industry, drive economic benefits, is not simply a matter of incorporating all suggestions in the "Hong Kong Tourism Development Blueprint 2.0" in a perfunctory manner. The road ahead for the Cultural and Sports Tourism Bureau is long and arduous, indicating that there is still a significant amount of work to be done.
Inventory of Tourism Resources
I believe that developing tourism requires a comprehensive strategy, with each aspect interconnected. The first step is to take stock of what tourism resources Hong Kong has, including traditional attractions, historical landmarks, theme parks, museums, islands, ecological sites, as well as recently popular attractions like pandas, newly discovered dinosaur fossils, and even red tourism sites not mentioned in "The Policy Address."
Defining Tourism Resources
The second step is to define tourism resources, determining which resources can attract which types of tourists. For example, I believe that pandas have a greater appeal to tourists from Southeast Asia or overseas, but they are not as rare for mainland Chinese tourists, who may not be as enthusiastic about coming to Hong Kong specifically for pandas. On the other hand, Hong Kong residents, especially children, may have a special affinity for pandas born in Hong Kong.
Mainland Chinese tourists expect to experience things in Hong Kong that they cannot find on the mainland. They enjoy Disneyland, considering "Hong Kong Disneyland" to be reminiscent of the American Disney flavor. Posts about "Hong Kong Disneyland" are frequently seen on Xiaohongshu (Little Red Book), and "Hong Kong Disneyland" can command higher prices against the market trend, with adult ticket prices close to a thousand Hong Kong dollars, indicating its popularity.
Furthermore, cultural attractions like the Hong Kong Palace Museum and M+ Museum in the West Kowloon Cultural District appeal more to middle-class and high-end tourists. Conversely, Instagrammable spots scattered throughout various districts are more appealing to young people who enjoy exploring different areas.
Targeted Optimization and Allocation
Once the attributes of different tourism resources are clearly defined, the third step is to optimize and allocate resources accordingly to expand the market. It is crucial to recognize that if it is challenging to compete with the mainland in the low-end market, we should consolidate the high-end market by providing high-quality services and consumer experiences to enhance competitiveness. The Policy Address mentions the need to "develop tourist sources from the Middle East and ASEAN," which requires an increase in high-end halal restaurants and prayer facilities. I believe this direction is correct.
The highly anticipated opening of the Kai Tak Sports Park and the event impact brought by the COLDPLAY concert have generated citywide excitement. However, there are concerns about whether we can efficiently manage the anticipated fifty thousand attendees and the importance of early deployment and rehearsal of traffic arrangements is crucial. I have been advocating for hosting the "Belt and Road Games" in Hong Kong. If successful, athletes, teams, and tourists from different countries will surely come to Hong Kong. Proper preparation at the Kai Tak Sports Park will be essential for sports tourism.
Strategic Promotion and Marketing
The fourth step is also a critical one. In contrast to generic widespread marketing, the SAR government needs to think strategically about how to promote and market based on the analysis of the previous three steps. It is essential to accurately promote the diverse tourism characteristics of Hong Kong to specific target groups and expand the market strategically. Additionally, different promotional methods should be employed based on the preferences of the target tourist groups. Traditional advertising, social media platforms, celebrity endorsements, or user-generated content all have their unique functions, and utilizing them appropriately can yield significant results.
Hierarchical Approach to Enhancing Tourism Competitiveness
It is evident that Hong Kong is currently experiencing a period of deflation. Many eateries are offering loss-making promotions, hotels are slashing buffet prices, with deals like "buy one get one free" or "buy two get four free." Recently, a congee shop even introduced a "all-you-can-eat for $10" promotion. Everyone is busy trying to save themselves, reflecting the urgent need for the SAR government to accelerate its pace and boost the economy.
Finally, I believe the SAR government must recognize that one major reason for the slow recovery of the Hong Kong tourism industry is the high cost of living, which lacks competitiveness compared to neighboring regions. The price level primarily depends on the international prices of goods, which in turn equals the local price multiplied by the linked exchange rate. If the linked exchange rate remains unchanged, local prices must adjust, leading to deflation. In theory, if prices fall, tourism will recover, especially if the US cuts interest rates and the Hong Kong dollar weakens. If a genuine interest rate cut cycle arrives, the Hong Kong dollar will slightly reverse, and international tourism will gradually recover.
At this moment, the SAR government must leverage its advantages, plan a comprehensive strategy, adopt a hierarchical approach, and enhance tourism competitiveness. Simply accepting all opinions without a structured plan will result in only half-hearted efforts in the "Development Blueprint for Hong Kong's Tourism Industry 2.0"
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特區政府進一步解決房屋問題 / Special Administrative Region Government Takes Further Steps to Address Housing Issues
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香港一直是全球居住成本最高的城市之一，據顧問機構Demographia 最新發表的「國際住房負擔能力」報告顯示，香港已連續14 年蟬聯負擔能力最差的市場。解決房屋供應短缺、住屋開支高企及居住環境惡劣等一系列問題，一直是特區政府的重點施政項目，當中又以困擾社會多年的「劏房」問題和公屋綜合輪候時間為重中之重。
由於公屋輪候時間過長，臨時住所需求上升，劏房市場應運而生。《2021 年人口普查》結果顯示，香港目前有至少21.4 萬人居住在劏房。劏房人均居住面積小，衛生環境惡劣，部分單位甚至沒有獨立煮食空間，只能在馬桶旁邊煮食。此外，不少劏房有漏水、牆壁破裂等安全隱患。早前佐敦華豐大廈三級火警便涉及逾百劏房，造成多人死傷。由於劏房多集中於舊樓或「三無」大廈，消防設施欠奉，消防設備狀况差劣，嚴重威脅居民的居住安全和健康。
為解決劏房問題，上屆政府通過了《2021 年業主與租客（綜合）（修訂）條例草案》，限制劏房租金的加幅；本屆政府亦於去年宣布成立「解決劏房問題」工作組，並在今年《施政報告》宣布會以立法方式制定住宅樓宇分間單位的出租制度，符合標準的單位名為「簡樸房」，並訂明最低標準。此外，特區政府鼓勵發展商參與收購舊樓重建，以提供更多選擇給劏房居民。
至於公屋輪候時間過長的問題，本屆政府於2022 年訂下將6 年公屋輪候時間「封頂」的目標。鑑於公屋落成量目前仍要「追落後」，特區政府需要更多時間兌現承諾。值得慶幸的是，房屋局數據顯示，截至2024 年6 月底，一般公屋申請者由「入表」起計的平均輪候時間已由2022 年約6.1 年降至目前的5.5年。
我認為本屆政府在處理房屋問題一事上，展示出相當魄力。希望特區政府能繼續推出更多措施，多管齊下解決房屋問題，讓香港真正告別「劏房」。
Special Administrative Region Government Takes Further Steps to Address Housing Issues
Hong Kong has long been one of the most expensive cities to live in globally. According to the latest "International Housing Affordability" report published by the consulting firm Demographia, Hong Kong has consecutively held the title of the least affordable market for 14 years. Addressing a series of issues such as housing supply shortages, high housing expenses, and poor living conditions has always been a key policy focus of the SAR government, with particular emphasis on the long-standing issues of "subdivided units" and the comprehensive waiting time for public housing.
Due to the excessively long waiting time for public housing, the demand for temporary accommodations has increased, leading to the emergence of subdivided unit markets. The results of the 2021 Population Census show that there are currently at least 214,000 people living in subdivided units in Hong Kong. Residents of these units have limited living space, poor sanitation conditions, with some units lacking independent cooking spaces, forcing residents to cook next to toilets. Furthermore, many subdivided units have safety hazards such as leaks and cracked walls. A recent three-alarm fire at the Fa Yuen Street building in Jordan involved over a hundred subdivided units, resulting in multiple casualties. As subdivided units are often concentrated in old buildings or "three-nil" structures with inadequate fire facilities and poor fire equipment conditions, they pose a serious threat to residents' safety and health.
To address the issue of subdivided units, the previous government passed the "2021 Landlord and Tenant (Consolidation) (Amendment) Bill," which limits rent increases for subdivided units. This current government also announced the establishment of a "Subdivided Unit Task Force" last year and declared in this year's Policy Address that it will legislate a rental system for sub-divided units in a residential building, with compliant units named "basic housing units" and specified minimum standards. Additionally, the SAR government encourages developers to participate in the acquisition and redevelopment of old buildings to provide more options for subdivided unit residents.
As for the issue of excessively long waiting times for public housing, this government has set a goal to cap the waiting time for public housing at 6 years by 2022. Considering that public housing completion rates still need to "catch up," the SAR government requires more time to fulfill its promises. Fortunately, according to Housing Department data, as of the end of June 2024, the average waiting time for general public housing applicants has decreased from around 6.1 years in 2022 to the current 5.5 years since the "application submission."
I believe that this government has shown significant determination in addressing housing issues. I hope that the SAR government will continue to introduce more measures and take a multi-pronged approach to solve housing problems, allowing Hong Kong to truly bid farewell to subdivided units.
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執筆時距離11月5日舉行的美國總統大選只剩下一周時間。今次大選極具戲劇性，先有拜登因電視辯論失利而退選，賀錦麗臨危受命，後有特朗普兩度遇刺；加上目前國際形勢嚴峻，世界各國都對選舉結果翹首以盼。不過，美國的選舉制度相當複雜，有機會常令大選結果遲遲無法出爐。
美國設有聯邦選舉委員會（Federal Election Commission），但並不負責舉行或管理選舉，只負責監管競選資金的使用，舉行選舉的權力則授予各州政府。因此，每個州份的選舉及投票方式都不一樣。比方說，美國允許選民透過郵寄選票來投票，而各州郵寄投票的截郵時間各有不同，加上有部分郵寄選票會遲到，導致點票所需的時間大增。
除此以外，美國大選所採用的選舉人團制度（Electoral College）亦令選舉結果的出爐時間大幅延後。選舉之後，各州政府會根據普選結果任命選舉人（Elector）代表該州人民投票選出總統及副總統，並將選舉結果確認證書（Certificates of Vote）送至國會點算。以今年大選為例，當11月5日的普選結果出爐後，州政府最遲會到12月11日才正式任命選舉人，各州選舉人於12月17日才投票，當選者在1月20日宣誓就職，整個大選流程將長達兩個月。
美國社會近年非常撕裂，選舉期太長有機會為選舉結果帶來變數。特朗普目前官非纏身，急需總統的刑事豁免權，據悉其競選團隊已準備好在敗選州份發起訴訟，挑戰選舉結果；亦有意見指出，特朗普的選民基礎以激進的極右勢力為主，加上美國的政治暴力事件有上升趨勢，擔心特朗普敗選可能會引出另一次的「國會山莊騷亂」。除此以外，亦有不少民主黨支持者對賀錦麗目前的選情感到憂慮，若賀錦麗敗選，民主黨內部勢掀另一波信心危機。
混亂的美國大選(撰文：葉劉淑儀，原文刊於《明報》)
The Chaotic U.S. Election
With only a week remaining until the U.S. presidential election on November 5th, this election cycle is proving to be incredibly dramatic. It began with Biden dropping out due to a poor performance in a televised debate, and Harris stepping in to take his place. Trump has also been targeted for assassination twice. Coupled with the current international tensions, countries around the world are eagerly awaiting the election results. However, the U.S. election system is quite complex, often leading to delays in finalizing the election outcome.
The United States has the Federal Election Commission, which is responsible for overseeing the use of campaign funds but not for conducting or managing elections. The power to hold elections is delegated to the state governments. As a result, each state has different election and voting procedures. For example, the U.S. allows voters to cast their ballots by mail, with different states having varying deadlines for receiving mail-in votes. Some mail-in ballots may arrive late, significantly extending the time needed for counting.
Furthermore, the Electoral College system used in U.S. elections also contributes to the delayed announcement of election results. After the election, state governments appoint electors based on the popular vote results to represent the people of the state in casting votes for the President and Vice President. The election results certificates are then sent to Congress for counting. In this year's election, for instance, after the popular vote results on November 5th, state governments will appoint electors no later than December 11th, with electors casting their votes on December 17th. The winner will be inaugurated on January 20th, making the entire election process last for two months.
In recent years, American society has been deeply divided, and the lengthy election period could introduce uncertainties into the election outcome. Trump is currently facing legal challenges and is in urgent need of presidential pardons. Reports indicate that his campaign team is prepared to launch lawsuits in states where he loses, challenging the election results. Some also suggest that Trump's voter base consists mainly of radical right-wing forces, combined with the rising trend of political violence in the U.S., raising concerns that a Trump defeat could lead to another "Capitol Hill riot." Additionally, many Democratic supporters are anxious about Harris's current electoral prospects, fearing that a Harris defeat could trigger a confidence crisis within the Democratic Party.
行政長官李家超在10月16日宣讀的新一份《施政報告》中，第六章（促進文化體育旅遊融合發展，推動多元經濟）當中有整整三大段詳述如何（增強文化自信，打造香港旅遊新面貌），提及生態旅遊、盛事旅遊、熊貓旅遊、賽馬旅遊、郵輪旅遊，以至智慧旅遊，又要推廣沙頭角文化生態旅遊路線、加快建設南大嶼生態康樂走廊和發展前南丫石礦場等等；此外又要鞏固傳統旅遊吸引力，制訂十八區美食指南，舉辦美食盛事；以做到「香港無處不旅遊」。
《施政報告》提出的旅遊項目繁多，稱得上目不暇給，反映行政長官李家超非常願意聆聽，廣納社會各界包括立法會議員、區議員和不同組織的建議；例如發展前南丫石礦場便是我和新民黨一直推動的項目。不過，要成功落實上述各個項目，有效振興旅遊業，帶動經濟效益，並非把各項建議「數白欖式」收納在《香港旅遊業發展藍圖2.0》便可，文化及體育旅遊局任重道遠，看來還有大量工作要做。
盤點旅遊資源
我認為發展旅遊需要全盤策略，一環扣一環。首先是要盤點香港有甚麼旅遊資源，包括傳統的景點、歷史名勝、主題公園、博物館、海島、生態勝地，到近期大熱的熊貓、剛出土的恐龍化石等，以至《施政報告》未有提及的紅色旅遊景點，也需羅列。
為旅遊資源下定義
第二步是要為旅遊資源下定義，界定哪些旅遊資源能吸引哪些遊客。舉例說，我認為熊貓對東南亞或海外旅客吸引力較大，但是熊貓對內地旅客而言並不罕見，他們未必熱衷為熊貓來港，反而港人特別是小朋友會對一對在香港出生的熊貓有共生情懷。
內地旅客期望來香港體驗內地沒有的東西，他們喜歡迪士尼樂園，認為「港迪」貼近美國迪士尼的風味。小紅書上常常有「港迪」帖子，「港迪」能逆市加價，成人票價近千元，可見其受歡迎程度。
此外，西九文化區香港故宮文化博物館和M+博物館各類藝術文化、古物展覽會比較吸引中產和高端旅客；相對地，分散各區的網紅打卡點則較吸引喜歡四處遊走的年輕人。
針對性優化配置
明確了不同旅遊資源的屬性後，第三步便要針對性地優化配置，開拓市場；特別是要認清，若低端市場難以和內地比拼，我們便要鞏固高端市場，提供優質服務和消費體驗，提升競爭力。《施政報告》提到要「開拓中東和東盟旅客客源」，那麼便需要增加高端清真食肆以及禮拜設施，我認為方向正確。
近期全城熱切期待啟德體育園開幕和COLDPLAY演唱會帶來的盛事效應，又有點憂慮屆時能否順利疏導五萬人潮，及早部署及演練交通安排便成關鍵。我一直推動在港舉辦「一帶一路運動會」，若能成事，務必有不同國家的運動員、團隊及旅客來港，做好啟德體育園的配套便是為體育旅遊做好準備。
策略性宣傳營銷
第四步也是關鍵一步，有別於千篇一律的廣泛營銷，特區政府需要基於以上三步曲的分析，思考如何策略性地宣傳營銷，準確地把香港不同切面的旅遊特性，針對性地推廣予特定旅客群，開拓市場。當然也要根據不同目標旅客群的特性喜好而採取不同的宣傳方式，傳統廣告抑或社交平台、明星代言抑或素人帖文，各有功能，要運用得宜才能發揮神效。
分層出擊提升旅遊競爭力
的而且確，香港正經歷通縮期。很多食肆不惜推出「傷本」優惠，酒店自助餐大擘價，不乏「買一送一」、「買二送四」，最近更有粥店推出「十蚊任食放題」，大家都忙於自救，反映特區政府有必要加快步伐，提振經濟。
最後，我認為特區政府必須認清，香港旅遊業復甦緩慢的一大原因在於消費物價高昂，與臨近地區相比缺乏競爭力。物價高低主要取決於商品的國際價格，而國際價格又等於本地價格乘聯繫匯率；若聯繫匯率不變，本地價格一定要變，出現通縮便無可避免。理論上，若價格下跌，旅遊會復甦；特別是美國減息，港元轉弱；若迎來真正的減息周期，港元會稍為逆轉，國際旅遊會慢慢恢復。
此時此刻，特區政府必須好好把握自己的優勢，規劃全盤策略，分層出擊，提升旅遊競爭力。若只是將坊間意見照單全收，《香港旅遊業發展藍圖2.0》將事倍功半。
Developing Tourism Requires a Comprehensive Strategy
In the new "Policy Address" announced by Chief Executive Li Ka-chiu on October 16th, Chapter Six (Promoting the Integrated Development of Cultural, Sports, and Tourism to Drive Diverse Economy) includes three detailed sections on how to enhance cultural confidence and create a new face for tourism in Hong Kong.
The report mentions ecotourism, major events tourism, panda tourism, horse racing tourism, cruise tourism, and smart tourism. It also emphasizes the promotion of cultural and ecological tourism routes in Sha Tau Kok, accelerating the construction of the Southern Lantau Ecological Leisure Corridor, and developing the former South Lamma Quarry, among others. Additionally, it aims to strengthen traditional tourism attractions by creating an 18-district gourmet guide, hosting food festivals, and ensuring that "there is no place in Hong Kong without tourism."
"The Policy Address" proposes a multitude of tourism projects, which can be described as overwhelming. This reflects Chief Executive Li Ka-chao's willingness to listen attentively and widely solicit suggestions from various sectors of society, including Legislative Council members, district councilors, and various organizations. For example, the development of the former South Lamma Quarry is a project that I and the New Democratic Party have been advocating for. However, successfully implementing these various projects to effectively revitalize the tourism industry, drive economic benefits, is not simply a matter of incorporating all suggestions in the "Hong Kong Tourism Development Blueprint 2.0" in a perfunctory manner. The road ahead for the Cultural and Sports Tourism Bureau is long and arduous, indicating that there is still a significant amount of work to be done.
Inventory of Tourism Resources
I believe that developing tourism requires a comprehensive strategy, with each aspect interconnected. The first step is to take stock of what tourism resources Hong Kong has, including traditional attractions, historical landmarks, theme parks, museums, islands, ecological sites, as well as recently popular attractions like pandas, newly discovered dinosaur fossils, and even red tourism sites not mentioned in "The Policy Address."
Defining Tourism Resources
The second step is to define tourism resources, determining which resources can attract which types of tourists. For example, I believe that pandas have a greater appeal to tourists from Southeast Asia or overseas, but they are not as rare for mainland Chinese tourists, who may not be as enthusiastic about coming to Hong Kong specifically for pandas. On the other hand, Hong Kong residents, especially children, may have a special affinity for pandas born in Hong Kong.
Mainland Chinese tourists expect to experience things in Hong Kong that they cannot find on the mainland. They enjoy Disneyland, considering "Hong Kong Disneyland" to be reminiscent of the American Disney flavor. Posts about "Hong Kong Disneyland" are frequently seen on Xiaohongshu (Little Red Book), and "Hong Kong Disneyland" can command higher prices against the market trend, with adult ticket prices close to a thousand Hong Kong dollars, indicating its popularity.
Furthermore, cultural attractions like the Hong Kong Palace Museum and M+ Museum in the West Kowloon Cultural District appeal more to middle-class and high-end tourists. Conversely, Instagrammable spots scattered throughout various districts are more appealing to young people who enjoy exploring different areas.
Targeted Optimization and Allocation
Once the attributes of different tourism resources are clearly defined, the third step is to optimize and allocate resources accordingly to expand the market. It is crucial to recognize that if it is challenging to compete with the mainland in the low-end market, we should consolidate the high-end market by providing high-quality services and consumer experiences to enhance competitiveness. The Policy Address mentions the need to "develop tourist sources from the Middle East and ASEAN," which requires an increase in high-end halal restaurants and prayer facilities. I believe this direction is correct.
The highly anticipated opening of the Kai Tak Sports Park and the event impact brought by the COLDPLAY concert have generated citywide excitement. However, there are concerns about whether we can efficiently manage the anticipated fifty thousand attendees and the importance of early deployment and rehearsal of traffic arrangements is crucial. I have been advocating for hosting the "Belt and Road Games" in Hong Kong. If successful, athletes, teams, and tourists from different countries will surely come to Hong Kong. Proper preparation at the Kai Tak Sports Park will be essential for sports tourism.
Strategic Promotion and Marketing
The fourth step is also a critical one. In contrast to generic widespread marketing, the SAR government needs to think strategically about how to promote and market based on the analysis of the previous three steps. It is essential to accurately promote the diverse tourism characteristics of Hong Kong to specific target groups and expand the market strategically. Additionally, different promotional methods should be employed based on the preferences of the target tourist groups. Traditional advertising, social media platforms, celebrity endorsements, or user-generated content all have their unique functions, and utilizing them appropriately can yield significant results.
Hierarchical Approach to Enhancing Tourism Competitiveness
It is evident that Hong Kong is currently experiencing a period of deflation. Many eateries are offering loss-making promotions, hotels are slashing buffet prices, with deals like "buy one get one free" or "buy two get four free." Recently, a congee shop even introduced a "all-you-can-eat for $10" promotion. Everyone is busy trying to save themselves, reflecting the urgent need for the SAR government to accelerate its pace and boost the economy.
Finally, I believe the SAR government must recognize that one major reason for the slow recovery of the Hong Kong tourism industry is the high cost of living, which lacks competitiveness compared to neighboring regions. The price level primarily depends on the international prices of goods, which in turn equals the local price multiplied by the linked exchange rate. If the linked exchange rate remains unchanged, local prices must adjust, leading to deflation. In theory, if prices fall, tourism will recover, especially if the US cuts interest rates and the Hong Kong dollar weakens. If a genuine interest rate cut cycle arrives, the Hong Kong dollar will slightly reverse, and international tourism will gradually recover.
At this moment, the SAR government must leverage its advantages, plan a comprehensive strategy, adopt a hierarchical approach, and enhance tourism competitiveness. Simply accepting all opinions without a structured plan will result in only half-hearted efforts in the "Development Blueprint for Hong Kong's Tourism Industry 2.0"
香港一直是全球居住成本最高的城市之一，據顧問機構Demographia 最新發表的「國際住房負擔能力」報告顯示，香港已連續14 年蟬聯負擔能力最差的市場。解決房屋供應短缺、住屋開支高企及居住環境惡劣等一系列問題，一直是特區政府的重點施政項目，當中又以困擾社會多年的「劏房」問題和公屋綜合輪候時間為重中之重。
由於公屋輪候時間過長，臨時住所需求上升，劏房市場應運而生。《2021 年人口普查》結果顯示，香港目前有至少21.4 萬人居住在劏房。劏房人均居住面積小，衛生環境惡劣，部分單位甚至沒有獨立煮食空間，只能在馬桶旁邊煮食。此外，不少劏房有漏水、牆壁破裂等安全隱患。早前佐敦華豐大廈三級火警便涉及逾百劏房，造成多人死傷。由於劏房多集中於舊樓或「三無」大廈，消防設施欠奉，消防設備狀况差劣，嚴重威脅居民的居住安全和健康。
為解決劏房問題，上屆政府通過了《2021 年業主與租客（綜合）（修訂）條例草案》，限制劏房租金的加幅；本屆政府亦於去年宣布成立「解決劏房問題」工作組，並在今年《施政報告》宣布會以立法方式制定住宅樓宇分間單位的出租制度，符合標準的單位名為「簡樸房」，並訂明最低標準。此外，特區政府鼓勵發展商參與收購舊樓重建，以提供更多選擇給劏房居民。
至於公屋輪候時間過長的問題，本屆政府於2022 年訂下將6 年公屋輪候時間「封頂」的目標。鑑於公屋落成量目前仍要「追落後」，特區政府需要更多時間兌現承諾。值得慶幸的是，房屋局數據顯示，截至2024 年6 月底，一般公屋申請者由「入表」起計的平均輪候時間已由2022 年約6.1 年降至目前的5.5年。
我認為本屆政府在處理房屋問題一事上，展示出相當魄力。希望特區政府能繼續推出更多措施，多管齊下解決房屋問題，讓香港真正告別「劏房」。
Special Administrative Region Government Takes Further Steps to Address Housing Issues
Hong Kong has long been one of the most expensive cities to live in globally. According to the latest "International Housing Affordability" report published by the consulting firm Demographia, Hong Kong has consecutively held the title of the least affordable market for 14 years. Addressing a series of issues such as housing supply shortages, high housing expenses, and poor living conditions has always been a key policy focus of the SAR government, with particular emphasis on the long-standing issues of "subdivided units" and the comprehensive waiting time for public housing.
Due to the excessively long waiting time for public housing, the demand for temporary accommodations has increased, leading to the emergence of subdivided unit markets. The results of the 2021 Population Census show that there are currently at least 214,000 people living in subdivided units in Hong Kong. Residents of these units have limited living space, poor sanitation conditions, with some units lacking independent cooking spaces, forcing residents to cook next to toilets. Furthermore, many subdivided units have safety hazards such as leaks and cracked walls. A recent three-alarm fire at the Fa Yuen Street building in Jordan involved over a hundred subdivided units, resulting in multiple casualties. As subdivided units are often concentrated in old buildings or "three-nil" structures with inadequate fire facilities and poor fire equipment conditions, they pose a serious threat to residents' safety and health.
To address the issue of subdivided units, the previous government passed the "2021 Landlord and Tenant (Consolidation) (Amendment) Bill," which limits rent increases for subdivided units. This current government also announced the establishment of a "Subdivided Unit Task Force" last year and declared in this year's Policy Address that it will legislate a rental system for sub-divided units in a residential building, with compliant units named "basic housing units" and specified minimum standards. Additionally, the SAR government encourages developers to participate in the acquisition and redevelopment of old buildings to provide more options for subdivided unit residents.
As for the issue of excessively long waiting times for public housing, this government has set a goal to cap the waiting time for public housing at 6 years by 2022. Considering that public housing completion rates still need to "catch up," the SAR government requires more time to fulfill its promises. Fortunately, according to Housing Department data, as of the end of June 2024, the average waiting time for general public housing applicants has decreased from around 6.1 years in 2022 to the current 5.5 years since the "application submission."
I believe that this government has shown significant determination in addressing housing issues. I hope that the SAR government will continue to introduce more measures and take a multi-pronged approach to solve housing problems, allowing Hong Kong to truly bid farewell to subdivided units.